Property [password] does not exist on the Eloquent builder instance.

User.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Auth\Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Access\Authorizable as AuthorizableContract;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\Authenticatable as AuthenticatableContract;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Laravel\Lumen\Auth\Authorizable;

class User extends Model implements AuthenticatableContract, AuthorizableContract
{
    use Authenticatable, Authorizable, HasFactory;

    protected $table = 'usuarios';
    protected $fillable = [
        'email',
    ];

    protected $hidden = [
        'password',
    ];
}

TokenController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\User;
use Firebase\JWT\JWT;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;

class TokenController extends Controller
{
    public function gerarToken(Request $request)
    {
        // $this->validate($request, [
        //     'email' => 'required|email',
        //     'password' => 'required'
        // ]);
        $usuario = User::where('email', $request->email);

        if (is_null($usuario) || !Hash::check($request->password, $usuario->password)) {
            return response()->json('', 401);
        }
        $token = JWT::encode(['email' => $request->email], env('JWT_KEY'));

        return [
            'access_token' => $token,
        ];
    }
}

migration

<?php

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

class CriarTabelaUsuarios extends Migration
{
    public function up()
    {
       Schema::create('usuarios', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->bigIncrements('id');
            $table->string('email')->unique();
            $table->string('password');
            $table->timestamps();
       });
    }

    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('usuarios');
    }
}

DatabaseSeeder.php

<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;

class DatabaseSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        $this->call(UsuarioSeeder::class);
    }
}

UsuarioSeeder.php

<?php

namespace Database\Seeders;

use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;

class UsuarioSeeder extends Seeder
{
    /**
     * Run the database seeds.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function run()
    {
        \App\Models\User::create([
            'email' => 'teste@email',
            'password' => Hash::make('senha')
        ]);
    }
}