Srs,
O metodo post funciona quando uso o https://www.caelum.com.br/mobile, mas estou querendo testar num servidor localhost. Como faço isso? Segue abaixo a classe deste Curso Android e a classe do Curso WS rest ambos aqui do ALURA.
CLASSE1
public class ServidorProjetos {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        URI uri = URI.create("http://0.0.0.0:8080/");//peguei exemplo da internet
        //URI uri = URI.create("http://localhost:8080/");
        ResourceConfig config = new ResourceConfig().packages("br.com.alura.loja");
        HttpServer server = GrizzlyHttpServerFactory.createHttpServer(uri, config);
        System.out.println("Servidor rodando");
        System.in.read();
        server.stop();
    }
}CLASSE2
@Path("entregas")
public class EntregaResource {
    @GET
    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
    public String busca(Long id){
        return new EntregaDAO().busca(1l).toJSON();
    }
}CLASSE3
/**
 * Created by antonio on 27/10/16.
 */
public class WebClient {
    public String post(String json) {
        try {
            URL url = new URL("http://192.168.1.106:8080/entregas?id=1");
            //URL url = new URL("https://www.caelum.com.br/mobile");
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            //connection.setRequestProperty("Content-type", "application/json");
            //connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
            connection.setDoOutput(false);
            /*PrintStream output = new PrintStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            output.println(json);
            Log.i("json", json);
            */
            connection.connect();
            int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
            Log.i("WEBSERVICE", "Código de resposta : " + responseCode);
            Scanner scanner = new Scanner(connection.getInputStream());
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            while (scanner.hasNext()){
                sb.append(scanner.nextLine());
            }
            String resposta = sb.toString();
            Log.d("json", resposta);
            return resposta;
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}CLASSE4
/**
 * Created by antonio on 27/10/16.
 */
public class EnviaEntregasTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {
    @Override
    protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
        EntregaDAO dao = new EntregaDAO(context);
        List<Entrega> entregas = dao.buscaEntregas();
        dao.close();
        EntregaConverter conversor = new EntregaConverter();
        String json = conversor.converteParaJSON(entregas);
        WebClient client = new WebClient();
        String resposta = client.post(json);
        return resposta;
    }
}LOG DE ERRO
I/json: {"list":[{"entrega":[{"nome":"Nome1","nota":9},{"nome":"Nome2","nota":7},{"nome":"Nome3","nota":9}]}]}
W/EGL_emulation: eglSurfaceAttrib not implemented
W/OpenGLRenderer: Failed to set EGL_SWAP_BEHAVIOR on surface 0x7f0a3fe31cc0, error=EGL_SUCCESS
W/System.err: java.io.FileNotFoundException: http://192.168.1.106:8080/entregas
W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:206)
W/System.err:     at br.com.teste.agenda.WebClient$override.post(WebClient.java:33)
W/System.err:     at br.com.teste.agenda.WebClient$override.access$dispatch(WebClient.java)
W/System.err:     at br.com.teste.agenda.WebClient.post(WebClient.java:0)
W/System.err:     at br.com.teste.agenda.EnviaEntregasTask.doInBackground(EnviaEntregasTask.java:40)
W/System.err:     at br.com.teste.agenda.EnviaEntregasTask.doInBackground(EnviaEntregasTask.java:17)
W/System.err:     at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:292)
W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:237)
W/System.err:     at android.os.AsyncTask$SerialExecutor$1.run(AsyncTask.java:231)
W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1112)
W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:587)
W/System.err:     at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:818)
W/EGL_emulation: eglSurfaceAttrib not implemented
W/OpenGLRenderer: Failed to set EGL_SWAP_BEHAVIOR on surface 0x7f0a3fe31bc0, error=EGL_SUCCESS 
            