Ao tentar mover o floatingActionButton no Design ele muda a posicçao hierarquica no component tree. Somente Consegui mudar a posição pelo parametros de layout_margin nos atributos.
Código
<com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton
android:id="@+id/floatingActionButton"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_margin="30dp"
android:layout_marginStart="30dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="30dp"
android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="30dp"
android:layout_marginRight="30dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="30dp"
android:clickable="true"
android:focusable="true"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/ic_launcher_foreground" />
<ListView
android:id="@+id/activity_main_lista_de_alunos"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />