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Erro HTTP Status 500 - java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading

Minha classe LivroBean:

package br.com.caelum.livraria.bean;

import java.util.List;

import javax.faces.bean.ManagedBean;
import javax.faces.bean.ViewScoped;

import br.com.caelum.livraria.dao.DAO;
import br.com.caelum.livraria.modelo.Autor;
import br.com.caelum.livraria.modelo.Livro;

@ManagedBean
@ViewScoped
public class LivroBean {

    private Livro livro = new Livro();
    private Integer autorId;

    public void setAutorId(Integer autorId) {
        this.autorId = autorId;
    }

    public Integer getAutorId() {
        return autorId;
    }

    public Livro getLivro() {
        return livro;
    }

    public List<Autor> getAutores() {
        return new DAO<Autor>(Autor.class).listaTodos();
    }

    public void gravarAutor() {
        Autor autor = new DAO<Autor>(Autor.class).buscaPorId(this.autorId);
        this.livro.adicionaAutor(autor);
        System.out.println("Livro do autor " + autor.getNome());
    }

    public void gravar() {
        System.out.println("Gravando livro " + this.livro.getTitulo());

        if (livro.getAutores().isEmpty()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Livro deve ter pelo menos um Autor.");
        }
        new DAO<Livro>(Livro.class).adiciona(this.livro);
    }
}

Meu livro.xhtml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
    xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html"
    xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core">

<h:body>
    <h1>Novo Livro</h1>
    <h:form>
        <fieldset>
            <legend>Dados do Livro</legend>
            <h:panelGrid columns="2">

                <h:outputLabel value="Titulo:" for="titulo" />
                <h:inputText id="titulo" value="#{livroBean.livro.titulo}" />

                <h:outputLabel value="ISBN:" for="isbn" />
                <h:inputText id="isbn" value="#{livroBean.livro.isbn}" />

                <h:outputLabel value="Preço:" for="preco" />
                <h:inputText id="preco" value="#{livroBean.livro.preco}" />

                <h:outputLabel value="Data de Lançamento:" for="dataLancamento" />
                <h:inputText id="dataLancamento"
                    value="#{livroBean.livro.dataLancamento}" />

            </h:panelGrid>
        </fieldset>

        <fieldset>
            <legend>Dados do Autor</legend>

            <h:outputLabel value="Selecione Autor:" for="autor"/>
            <h:selectOneMenu>
                <f:selectItems value="#{livroBean.autores}" var="autor"
                    itemLabel="#{autor.nome}" itemValue="#{autor.id}" />
            </h:selectOneMenu>
            <h:commandButton value="Gravar Autor" action="#{livroBean.gravarAutor}"/>
        </fieldset>
        <h:commandButton value="Gravar" action="#{livroBean.gravar}" />
    </h:form>
</h:body>

</html>

Erro no console:

Hibernate: select autor0_.id as id1_, autor0_.nome as nome1_ from Autor autor0_
Hibernate: select autor0_.id as id1_, autor0_.nome as nome1_ from Autor autor0_
Jul 13, 2017 4:19:44 PM com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase execute
WARNING: #{livroBean.gravarAutor}: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading
javax.faces.FacesException: #{livroBean.gravarAutor}: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading
    at com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:117)
    at javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
    at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:791)
    at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1256)
    at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
    at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
    at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:118)
    at javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:593)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:218)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:110)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:506)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:169)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:962)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:445)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1115)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:637)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:316)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: javax.faces.el.EvaluationException: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading
    at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:101)
    at com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:101)
    ... 27 more
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading
    at org.hibernate.event.spi.LoadEvent.<init>(LoadEvent.java:87)
    at org.hibernate.event.spi.LoadEvent.<init>(LoadEvent.java:59)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl$IdentifierLoadAccessImpl.load(SessionImpl.java:2421)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.get(SessionImpl.java:974)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.find(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:807)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.find(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:781)
    at br.com.caelum.livraria.dao.DAO.buscaPorId(DAO.java:67)
    at br.com.caelum.livraria.bean.LivroBean.gravarAutor(LivroBean.java:36)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:279)
    at org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:273)
    at com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
    at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:87)
    ... 28 more

Jul 13, 2017 4:19:44 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [Faces Servlet] in context with path [/livraria] threw exception [java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading] with root cause
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: id to load is required for loading
    at org.hibernate.event.spi.LoadEvent.<init>(LoadEvent.java:87)
    at org.hibernate.event.spi.LoadEvent.<init>(LoadEvent.java:59)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl$IdentifierLoadAccessImpl.load(SessionImpl.java:2421)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.get(SessionImpl.java:974)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.find(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:807)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.find(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:781)
    at br.com.caelum.livraria.dao.DAO.buscaPorId(DAO.java:67)
    at br.com.caelum.livraria.bean.LivroBean.gravarAutor(LivroBean.java:36)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.apache.el.parser.AstValue.invoke(AstValue.java:279)
    at org.apache.el.MethodExpressionImpl.invoke(MethodExpressionImpl.java:273)
    at com.sun.faces.facelets.el.TagMethodExpression.invoke(TagMethodExpression.java:105)
    at javax.faces.component.MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.invoke(MethodBindingMethodExpressionAdapter.java:87)
    at com.sun.faces.application.ActionListenerImpl.processAction(ActionListenerImpl.java:101)
    at javax.faces.component.UICommand.broadcast(UICommand.java:315)
    at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.broadcastEvents(UIViewRoot.java:791)
    at javax.faces.component.UIViewRoot.processApplication(UIViewRoot.java:1256)
    at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.InvokeApplicationPhase.execute(InvokeApplicationPhase.java:81)
    at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
    at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.execute(LifecycleImpl.java:118)
    at javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:593)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:218)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:110)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:506)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:169)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:962)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:445)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1115)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:637)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:316)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
2 respostas
solução!

fala Eduardo, blz?

esse erro acontece porque o id que você está passando no seu DAO é null. O que acontece é que você precisa passar no componente selectOneMenu o valor do id do Autor como já temos no LivroBean esse cara, vamos passar o valor para ele. No xhtml fica assim:

<h:selectOneMenu value="#{livroBean.autorId}" id="autor">
    <f:selectItems value="#{livroBean.autores}" var="autor"
    itemLabel="#{autor.nome}" itemValue="#{autor.id}" />
</h:selectOneMenu>

Obrigado novamente, Samir.